Non riesco a trovare uno specifico riferimento KB di Apple, ma il consenso sembra essere che hai bisogno di Firewire, Thunderbolt o USB-C; USB 2 non sembra supportato.
Dal blog MacSales - Mac OS 101: come avviare e utilizzare un Mac in modalità disco di destinazione
What You Need
The list is short, but essential.
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Two Macs. That may seem obvious, but it makes sense to point out that Target Disk Mode only works between two Macs; you can’t chain multiple Macs together. All of the connection types (FireWire, Thunderbolt, and USB-C) support hot connecting, meaning you can connect a cable between the two Macs while they are powered on. We recommend shutting down both Macs before proceeding, however.
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An appropriate cable to make the connection. Ideally, you should connect similar ports; that is FireWire to FireWire, Thunderbolt to Thunderbolt, or USB-C to USB-C. There are, however, exceptions. Using adapters to connect Thunderbolt to FireWire will usually work, as will Thunderbolt to USB-C. But not all adapters are known to work correctly in Target Disk Mode, so if you can, connect directly to the same port type.